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There and back
The participle echoes the base form — only the past changes. The model to keep in your head is come · came · come, and 4 of the 175 verbs on this site follow it.
Where this group comes from
A small group with a satisfying shape: the verb walks away in the past and comes straight back for the participle. Come · came · come. Run · ran · run. Four verbs do this in everyday English, which is few enough to learn as a set in a minute.
The catch is that the base and the participle being identical makes it very easy to use the participle alone as a past tense. I run yesterday is the result, and it is one of the most persistent errors in this whole list precisely because the word looks right.
All 4 verbs in this pattern
| Base form | Past simple | Past participle |
|---|---|---|
| come | came | come |
| become | became | become |
| run | ran | run |
| overcome | overcame | overcome |
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